Imagnethi ifikile ixesha elide ukusukela kwiintsuku zobutsha bakho xa uchithe iiyure ezilungiselela iimazi zeplastiki eziqaqambileyo kwi-alfator yefriji. I-manynets yanamhlanje yomelele kunangaphambili kwaye iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zenza ukuba ziluncedo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo.
Umhlaba onqabileyo kunye ne-ceramic iimagnethi-ingakumbi iMakhi yemizi-mhlaba enqabileyo - ubere iguqukele kumashishini amaninzi kunye namashishini amaninzi ngamashishini axhase inani lezicelo okanye enze izicelo ezikhoyo zisebenza kakuhle. Ngelixa abanini bamashishini abaninzi bayazi ezi zixhobo, ukuqonda ukuba yintoni ebangela ukuba bahlukene. Nantsi i-rintey ekhawulezayo yomahluko phakathi kweentlobo ezimbini zemagazini, kunye nesnopsis yezenzo zabo ezilungileyo nezingalunganga:
Umhlaba onqabileyo
Ezi zixhobo ezomeleleyo kakhulu zinokuqulunqa i-neodiyoum okanye i-sariya, zombini eziya kuthotho lwezinto ze-lanthanade. ISamarium yaqala ukusetyenziswa nge-1970s, i-neodimium yemagnethi yokusetyenziswa kwe-1980s. Zombini i-neodiyoum kunye neSariyo ziyimimandla enqabileyo yomhlaba kwaye isetyenziswa kwizicelo ezininzi zemizi-mveliso kubandakanya ezona turbines ezinamandla kunye nezivelo kunye nezicelo zesayensi.
I-Neodmium
Ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi-nugnets zezinto eziqulathe-i-neodiyoum, intsimbi kunye ne-boron, okanye nje i-neib-i-neib - i-neodium ye-neodium yeyona magqwazi eqinileyo. Eyona mveliso iphezulu yamandla (i-BHMAX) yezi zixhobo, ezimele amandla aphambili, ingangaphezulu kwe-50mgoe.
Ukuba i-bhmax ephezulu - izihlandlo ezili-10 eziphezulu kune-ceramic magnet-zibalungele ezinye izicelo, kodwa kukho iRostoff: I-neodiyor: ethetha ukuba igqitha kubushushu obuthile, iya kuphulukana nokukwazi kwawo. I-tmax yemagnethi yokuya kwi-neodiyoum ingama-150 degrees Celsius, malunga nesiqingatha se-samariyam cobalt okanye i-ceramic. .
Iimagnethi zinokuthelekiswa ngokusekwe kwi-tcurie yazo. Xa iimagnethi zifudunyezwa ukuba amaqondo obushushu agqitha kwi-tmax yabo, kwiimeko ezininzi abanokuphola xa sele bepholile; I-Tcurie liqondo lokushisa elingaphaya kokufumana kwakhona. KwiMagnet yokuShumeli, i-Tcurie ngama-310 degrees Celsius; I-Neodmings Imagnethi ishushu okanye engaphaya kweqondo lobushushu ayiyi kuba nakho ukufumanisa ukusebenza xa ipholile. Zombini iSamarium kunye neemagnethi ze-ceramic zineendlela eziphakamileyo, ezibenza ukuba zikhethe ngcono izicelo eziphezulu zobushushu.
Imagnethi yokunganyangeki ixhathise kakhulu ukuba idlule ngamasimi angaphandle, kodwa zenza ukuba ziphindwe kwaye uninzi lwamazibuko luyinto yokubonelela ngokukhuseleka.
I-Samariya
I-SAMARIUR CoALT, okanye i-SACO, iimagnethi zafumaneka nge-1970s, kwaye ukusukela ngoko, basebenzise iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezicelo. Nangona inganamandla njenge-neodium magnet-Imagnethi yeSamarium Cobalt ihlala ine-BHMAX ye-26 - ezi zixhobo zinethuba lokukwazi ukumelana ne-neodings ephezulu kune-neodimentium engaphezulu kwe-neodimes ephezulu kune-neodimes ephezulu kune-neodimentium engaphezulu kwe-neodingysts enkulu kune-neodimes ephezulu kune-neodimets ephezulu kune-neodimes ephezulu kune-neodimentium engaphezulu kwe-neodingysts enkulu kune-neodimentium kune-nenetts enkulu kune-neodimium ingaphezulu kwe-neodmings ephezulu kune-neodimentium enkulu kune-neodimey ye-neodyts. I-TMAX ye-samarium cobalt ingama-300 degrees Celsius, kwaye i-Tcie inokuba ngama-750 degrees Celsius. Ukomelela kwabo ngokudibana kudityaniswa nokukwazi kwabo ukumelana nobushushu obuphakamileyo kubenza balungele izicelo eziphezulu zobushushu. Ngokungafaniyo nemagnethi yokuzimasa, iimagnethi ze-samarium Cobalt zixhathisa ngokulungileyo ekucocekeni; Bayalithanda ukuba nenqanaba lexabiso eliphezulu kune-neodiyots ye-neodium.
I-ceramic
Yenziwe malunga ne-Barium Ferrire okanye i-strontium, iimagnethi ze-ceramic zikude kunezigebenga zomhlaba ezinqabileyo kwaye zaqala ukusetyenziswa nge-1960s. Iimagnethi ze-ceramic ngokubanzi azibizi kakhulu kuneemazithi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo kodwa azinamandla nge-BHMAX ye-3.5-malunga neshumi okanye ngaphantsi kwe-neodmium okanye engaphantsi kwe-neodmium okanye engaphantsi kwe-neodmium okanye engaphantsi kwe-neodmium okanye engaphantsi kwe-neodmium okanye engaphantsi kwe-neodmium okanye engaphantsi kwe-neodmium okanye engaphantsi kwe-neodmium okanye engaphantsi kwemagnethi ye-neodium okanye engaphantsi kwemagnethi ye-neodium okanye engaphantsi kwemagnethi.
Ngokuphathelele ubushushu, iimagnethi ze-cemarac zine-tmax ye-300 degrees Celsius kwaye, njenge-Samrium, i-terurie ye-460 degrees Celsius. Iimazi ze-ceramic zixhaphake kakhulu ekucocekeni kwaye zihlala zingafuni naluphi na uhlobo lokukhusela. Kulula ukuyifaka ibukhali kwaye babiza kakhulu kune-neodiyoum okanye i-samarium ye-samarium ye-Sambalt; Nangona kunjalo, iimagnethi ze-ceramic zibrittle, zibenza ukhetho olugwenxa lwezicelo ezibandakanya ukuguquguquka okanye uxinzelelo olubalulekileyo. I-Magnets ye-Ceramic isetyenziswa ngokusetyenziswa kwimiboniso yeklasi kunye nezicelo ezinamashishini amancinci kunye neshishini, njengabavelisi bebanga lasezantsi okanye iiturbines. Banokusetyenziswa nakwizicelo zasekhaya nakwimveliso yamaphepha mani kunye nesayizi.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: UMar-09-2022
